>如果当前块后面有足够的可用空间来满足请求,则扩展当前块并返回一个指向块开头的指针.
>否则如果在其他地方有足够大的空闲块,则分配该块,从旧块复制数据,释放旧块,并返回一个指向新块的开头的指针
>否则返回NULL会报告失败.

因此,您可以通过测试NULL来测试失败,但请注意,您不要太早地覆盖旧指针：

int* p = malloc(x);
/* ... */
p = realloc(p, y); /* WRONG: Old pointer lost if realloc fails: memory leak! */
/* Correct way: */
{
  int* temp = realloc(p, y);
  if (NULL == temp)
  {
    /* Handle error; p is still valid */
  }
  else
  {
    /* p now possibly points to deallocated memory. Overwrite it with the pointer
       to the new block, to start using that */
    p = temp;
  }
}