curl --user user1:pass1 http://localhost:6543/the_resource
我们的想法是检查传递的凭据是否允许用户查看* the_resource *,如果不返回401 – 禁止.
我发现只有身份验证策略的例子,其中必须有登录和注销视图或this basic authentication policy,我不知道如何与Pyramid的ACL绑定.
我会感激任何帮助,如何开始.
还有一件事在我脑海里浮现.如何强制这个pup-up登录窗口进行基本身份验证?
认证
最重要的是basic authentication,其中BasicAuthenticationPolicy必须具有以后可以在金字塔应用程序中使用的方法 – 例如authenticated_userid(request).这些方法使用_get_basicauth_credentials()来提取在http标头中传递的登录名和密码.在mycheck()中实际检查登录名和密码是否正确.
现在在__init__.py中我们必须使用方法mycheck作为参数添加BasicAuthenticationPolicy作为我们的应用程序配置器的参数,因此金字塔可以使用它.
在认证问题上都是如此.现在,您应该能够使用authenticated_userid(request)进行身份验证以及身份验证(请参阅views.py)
授权
要对资源使用金字塔授权,我们需要在__init__.py中将ACLAuthorizationPolicy添加到我们的配置器中,并将__acl__添加到资源中.在大多数简单的情况下,root_factory(参见this和this)ACL定义哪个组具有哪些权限.如果我没有弄错(允许,’组:观众’,’视图’)’组:观众’必须是什么认证方法 – mycheck() – 返回.
授权的最后一步是使用装饰器(或在add_route中)为某些视图添加权限.如果我们将ACL权限 – 视图 – 添加到view_page,则组:允许查看者查看该页面(调用view_page).
basic_authentication.py
import binascii
from zope.interface import implements
from paste.httpheaders import AUTHORIZATION
from paste.httpheaders import WWW_AUTHENTICATE
from pyramid.interfaces import IAuthenticationPolicy
from pyramid.security import Everyone
from pyramid.security import Authenticated
import yaml
def mycheck(credentials, request):
login = credentials['login']
password = credentials['password']
USERS = {'user1':'pass1',
'user2':'pass2'}
GROUPS = {'user1':['group:viewers'],
'user2':['group:editors']}
if login in USERS and USERS[login] == password:
return GROUPS.get(login, [])
else:
return None
def _get_basicauth_credentials(request):
authorization = AUTHORIZATION(request.environ)
try:
authmeth, auth = authorization.split(' ', 1)
except ValueError: # not enough values to unpack
return None
if authmeth.lower() == 'basic':
try:
auth = auth.strip().decode('base64')
except binascii.Error: # can't decode
return None
try:
login, password = auth.split(':', 1)
except ValueError: # not enough values to unpack
return None
return {'login':login, 'password':password}
return None
class BasicAuthenticationPolicy(object):
""" A :app:`Pyramid` :term:`authentication policy` which
obtains data from basic authentication headers.
Constructor Arguments
``check``
A callback passed the credentials and the request,
expected to return None if the userid doesn't exist or a sequence
of group identifiers (possibly empty) if the user does exist.
Required.
``realm``
Default: ``Realm``. The Basic Auth realm string.
"""
implements(IAuthenticationPolicy)
def __init__(self, check, realm='Realm'):
self.check = check
self.realm = realm
def authenticated_userid(self, request):
credentials = _get_basicauth_credentials(request)
if credentials is None:
return None
userid = credentials['login']
if self.check(credentials, request) is not None: # is not None!
return userid
def effective_principals(self, request):
effective_principals = [Everyone]
credentials = _get_basicauth_credentials(request)
if credentials is None:
return effective_principals
userid = credentials['login']
groups = self.check(credentials, request)
if groups is None: # is None!
return effective_principals
effective_principals.append(Authenticated)
effective_principals.append(userid)
effective_principals.extend(groups)
return effective_principals
def unauthenticated_userid(self, request):
creds = self._get_credentials(request)
if creds is not None:
return creds['login']
return None
def remember(self, request, principal, **kw):
return []
def forget(self, request):
head = WWW_AUTHENTICATE.tuples('Basic realm="%s"' % self.realm)
return head
myproject.__init__.py
from pyramid.config import Configurator
from myproject.resources import Root
from myproject.basic_authentication import BasicAuthenticationPolicy, mycheck
from pyramid.authorization import ACLAuthorizationPolicy
def main(global_config, **settings):
""" This function returns a Pyramid WSGI application.
"""
config = Configurator(root_factory='myproject.models.RootFactory',
settings=settings,
authentication_policy=BasicAuthenticationPolicy(mycheck),
authorization_policy=ACLAuthorizationPolicy(),
)
config.add_static_view('static', 'myproject:static', cache_max_age=3600)
config.add_route('view_page', '/view')
config.add_route('edit_page', '/edit')
config.scan()
app = config.make_wsgi_app()
return app
models.py
from pyramid.security import Allow
class RootFactory(object):
__acl__ = [ (Allow, 'group:viewers', 'view'),
(Allow, 'group:editors', 'edit') ]
def __init__(self, request):
pass
views.py
from pyramid.security import authenticated_userid
from pyramid.view import view_config
#def my_view(request):
# return render_to_response('templates/simple.pt', {})
@view_config(route_name='view_page', renderer='templates/view.pt', permission='view')
def view_page(request):
return {}
@view_config(route_name='edit_page', renderer='templates/edit.pt', permission='edit')
def edit_page(request):
return {}
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转载注明原文:python – 在金字塔中使用http标头进行身份验证 - 代码日志